When a person sustains an injury from playing sports, an accident or any other reason, he or she may need to undergo physical therapy to restore normal movement to the body. Part of this approach involves the use of therapeutic exercise to help the patient regain balance, strength, flexibility, and range of motion and alleviate pain.
The injured person will visit a physical therapist who will take a medical background from him or her and evaluate the ability to move in various ways. Based on this, the therapist will put together a customized therapy schedule of increasingly challenging exercises to help eliminate pain, and restore normal endurance, flexibility, and strength.
A combination of different exercises are implemented in a physical therapy program, these are classified by the nature of the movement and how it affects the body. With passive exercise, the muscles don't have to do any work, manual or mechanical force is applied externally, which helps restore normal movement to the joints. Whereas with active exercises, the cooperation of the muscles is needed, either alone or with assistance, this not only improves motion of joints, but also strengthens neuromuscular control.
After the patient has demonstrated that he or she is capable of safely completing flexibility and range of motion activities, it is time to move on to strength and endurance training. Resistance is gradually increased, which has the effect of strengthening muscle and connective tissues which have damaged, naturally improving strength.
Strength exercises are classified as static or dynamic. A static activity does not require movement of the joint, the tension and resistance are equal, and the muscle fibers remain the same length throughout the movement. The angle is the key aspect which makes the difference in this case, so patients are advised to vary the angle of each set, making sure they hold it for several seconds each time, as this is what builds strength.
Dynamic exercises imply movement on the part of the joints and muscles and may be further categorized into manual, variable-resistance, isokinetic, and isotonic movements. These types of activities result in the concentric and eccentric, or lengthening and shortening of muscles which generate force during movement. The repeated stretching of the muscle-tendon bundles increases tensile strength.
Variable-resistance and manual resistance exercises work based on the principle that the muscles produce a limited force when the joints are positioned in extremes of the range of motion. The main difference is that the latter involves the therapist manually applying resistance, and the former relies on the use of a machine that accounts for proper joint alignment and applies resistance relative to force. With isotonic movement, the muscles are lengthened by external force which imposes a change on the joint's angle, this is seen with many weight machines, ankle weights, and free weights.
An isokinetic exercise is performed at a fixed speed and the resistance is equal to the force exerted by the muscle. There are machines built to provide movement of this kind, which match the force to the user's degree of muscle resistance, and can be adjusted in terms of velocity, concentric and eccentric action.
The injured person will visit a physical therapist who will take a medical background from him or her and evaluate the ability to move in various ways. Based on this, the therapist will put together a customized therapy schedule of increasingly challenging exercises to help eliminate pain, and restore normal endurance, flexibility, and strength.
A combination of different exercises are implemented in a physical therapy program, these are classified by the nature of the movement and how it affects the body. With passive exercise, the muscles don't have to do any work, manual or mechanical force is applied externally, which helps restore normal movement to the joints. Whereas with active exercises, the cooperation of the muscles is needed, either alone or with assistance, this not only improves motion of joints, but also strengthens neuromuscular control.
After the patient has demonstrated that he or she is capable of safely completing flexibility and range of motion activities, it is time to move on to strength and endurance training. Resistance is gradually increased, which has the effect of strengthening muscle and connective tissues which have damaged, naturally improving strength.
Strength exercises are classified as static or dynamic. A static activity does not require movement of the joint, the tension and resistance are equal, and the muscle fibers remain the same length throughout the movement. The angle is the key aspect which makes the difference in this case, so patients are advised to vary the angle of each set, making sure they hold it for several seconds each time, as this is what builds strength.
Dynamic exercises imply movement on the part of the joints and muscles and may be further categorized into manual, variable-resistance, isokinetic, and isotonic movements. These types of activities result in the concentric and eccentric, or lengthening and shortening of muscles which generate force during movement. The repeated stretching of the muscle-tendon bundles increases tensile strength.
Variable-resistance and manual resistance exercises work based on the principle that the muscles produce a limited force when the joints are positioned in extremes of the range of motion. The main difference is that the latter involves the therapist manually applying resistance, and the former relies on the use of a machine that accounts for proper joint alignment and applies resistance relative to force. With isotonic movement, the muscles are lengthened by external force which imposes a change on the joint's angle, this is seen with many weight machines, ankle weights, and free weights.
An isokinetic exercise is performed at a fixed speed and the resistance is equal to the force exerted by the muscle. There are machines built to provide movement of this kind, which match the force to the user's degree of muscle resistance, and can be adjusted in terms of velocity, concentric and eccentric action.
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